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Research Workshop on Gender and Collective Action

October 17, 2005

October 17-21, 2005, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Collective action plays a vital role in many aspects of human interaction, including income generation, risk reduction, and public service provision. Experience has shown that institutions of collective action play an important role in how people use natural resources, which in turn shapes the outcomes of production systems. Many government devolution policies and community-driven development (CDD) programs are fundamentally premised upon collective action.

Collective action refers both to the process by which voluntary institutions are created and maintained and to the groups that decide to act together. Collective action can assume various forms ranging from voluntary self-help groups to formal organizations that aim to manage a community's natural resources or to advocate for political change at the national level.

Integrating a gender perspective into applied research on collective action is imperative because institutions themselves are gendered and either challenge or reinforce existing social roles. Gender also often serves as an organizing principle for community action and may have implications for the efficiency and effectiveness of collective action.

This workshop brought together researchers and practitioners from various social science disciplines to investigate how gender-oriented analysis and action can foster more effective collective action in the context of agriculture and natural resource management. It addressed the following themes:

  • Motivations for engaging in collective action: Do women and men mobilize over different issues? How do gender roles influence women's and men's ability and willingness to engage in collective action? If collective action is externally initiated, do gender stereotypes privilege particular groups over others?
  • Effectiveness of collective action: Do women and men assume different roles in different types of collective action?How does the gender composition of collective action groups affect their strength and effectiveness? What are the conditions under which mixed or single-sexed groups perform more effectively?
  • Impacts of collective action on gender relations: Are there trade-offs between empowering women or men and the economic goals of collective action? Without addressing the gendered dimensions of collective action, do we risk contributing to the disempowerment of women? How can collective action be used to stimulate gender-equitable change processes?
Workshop agenda
(PDF 224K)

Papers presented at the conference are currently undergoing revision to be released as CAPRi Working Papers. The versions presented at the conference are accessible below as drafts not for citation, since revisions are expected.

Papers presented
Gender and Collective Action: A Conceptual Framework for Analysis

Lauren Pandolfelli, Ruth Meinzen-Dick, and Stephan Dohrn. CAPRi Working Paper 64. Washington, DC: IFPRI. 2007.
Full Text

Groups, Networks, and Social Capital in the Philippine Communities

Marie Godquin and Agnes R. Quisumbing. CAPRi Working Paper 55. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

Gender Differences in Mobilization for Collective Action: Case Studies of Villages in Northern Nigeria

Saratu Abdulwahid. CAPRi Working Paper 58. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

Initiatives for Rural Development through Collective Action: The Case of Household Participation in Group Activities in the Highlands of Central Kenya

Gatarwa Kariuki and Frank Place. CAPRi Working Paper 43. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2005.
Full Text

Motivation for collective action: A case study of Western Kenya
by Jane K. Njuguna and Corinne Valdivia
Full Text (PDF 268K)

Gender relations and management of multiple water use system in Ethiopia
by Michiko Ebato and Barbara van Koppen
Full Text (PDF 323K)

Improving the Effectiveness of Collective Action: Sharing Experiences from Community Forestry in Nepal

Krishna P. Acharya and Popular Gentle. CAPRi Working Paper 54. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

Strengthening women's participation through collective action for inclusive decision-making processes: Lessons learned from two villages in Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia
by Yuliana L. Siagian, Brihannala Morgan, Yentirizal, and Neldysavrino
Full Text (PDF 464K)

Water, Women, and Local Social Organization in the Western Kenya Highlands

Elizabeth Were, Brent Swallow, and Jessica Roy. CAPRi Working Paper 51. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

When women say enough is enough: The struggle for drinking water in Villa Jardin, Argentina
by Andrea Andujar
Full Text (PDF 285K)

Do women's groups promote more equity as compared to men's groups? Evidence from Karnataka, India
by D Rajasekhar and R Manjula
Full Text (PDF 432K)

Gender and Local Floodplain Management Institutions: A Case Study from Bangladesh

Parvin Sultana and Paul Thompson. CAPRi Working Paper 57. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

Women's Collective Action and Sustainable Water Management: Case of SEWA's Water Campaign in Gujarat, India

Smita Mishra Panda. CAPRi Working Paper 61. Washington, DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

When collective action leads to overburdening of rural women
by Edna Luisa Arganosa-Matienzo
Full Text (PDF 243K)

Collective Action in Plant Genetic Resources Management: Gendered Rules of Reputation, Trust and Reciprocity in Kerala, India

Martina Aruna Padmanabhan. CAPRi Working Paper 56. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

Negotiation processes to develop local policies for gender-sensitive and equitable access and control to benefits from natural resource management: The case of Gununo Watershed, Ethiopia
by Hailemichael Taye, Laura German, W. Mazengina, K. Abere

Empowerment through Technology: Gender Dimensions of Social Capital Build-Up in Maharashtra, India

Ravula Padmaja and Cynthia Bantilan. CAPRi Working Paper 63. Washington, DC: IFPRI. 2007.
Full Text

The Many Meanings of Collective Action: Lessons on Enhancing Gender Inclusion and Equity in Watershed Management

Laura German, Hailemichael Taye, Sarah Charamila, Tesema Tolera, and Joseph Tanui. CAPRi Working Paper 52. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

Other Related CAPRi Publications
Decentralization and Environmental Conservation: Gender Effects from Participation in Joint Forest Management

Arun Agrawal, Gautam Yadama, Raul Andrade, and Ajoy Bhattacharya. CAPRi Working Paper 53. Washington DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

Gender, Social Capital and Information Exchange in Rural Uganda

Enid Katungi, Svetlana Edmeades, and Melinda Smale. CAPRi Working Paper 59. Washington, DC: IFPRI. 2006.
Full Text

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